KHIVAN OBEROI, ND  ERIN FIX, ND  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is well known for having a complex hormonal and metabolic pathophysiology. Patients may seek out naturopathic care for a holistic approach that can address hormonal concerns at various points in...

ERICA NIKIFORUK, ND, RAC  While it is generally understood that maternal preconception health and nutrition is important, the opportunity to use the perinatal period for programming a child’s future health and disease risk is becoming increasingly evident. While...

SHANNON SINSHEIMER, ND  With greater awareness of the potential problems that can occur during conception, more couples are seeking preconception care to address potential infertility issues. Studies have noted lowered sperm count and quality in men,1-3 while...

CHRIS D. MELETIS, ND  Abstract Steroidogenesis extends far beyond the production of estrogen and testosterone, encompassing a complex interplay of upstream and downstream hormones critical to endocrine and mitochondrial health. This article explores the clinical...

MOLLY JARCHOW ND, LM Premature pubarche (PP), the premature development of pubic hair, is a common presentation in pediatric practice and tends to affect many more girls than boys. PP is defined as pubic or axillary hair development in girls under the age of 8 and in...

ALAN CHRISTIANSON, NMD, FABNE If you manage thyroid medications for your patients, you’ve probably seen their labs fluctuate unexpectedly. Most of us were not taught the reasons that thyroid levels would change aside from medications and internal thyroid output. Yet...